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Проведено дослідження контактної взаємодії жорсткого робочого органу, встановленого на пружній підвісці роторного доочисника голівок коренеплодів, розміщеного перпендикулярно до осі рядків посівів, виходячи з умов повного руйнування залишків гички за умови непошкодження тіла коренеплоду. Визначено межі можливих навантажень, що діють з боку робочого органу залежно від механічних властивостей тіла коренеплоду та залишків гички, а також їх геометричних розмірів.
High quality operation for cleaning sugar beet roots occupies a significant place in the technological process of harvesting root crops, as the decrease in the remains of sugar beet tops in raw material provides higher economic benefit by means of reducing the cost of transportation, storage and processing raw material. The study of the existing designs of the working bodies used for cleaning the remains of sugar beet tops gave the opportunity to state that the most effective cleaning of the remains of sugar beet tops can be done with the help of a hard working body of a circular cut installed on an elastic suspension bracket, which compensates for the excess of the applied force that can damage sugar beet roots and which is a negative parameter of the quality of the work of cleaning machines. Thus, this research is a theoretical substantiation of the process of cleaning from sugar beet tops with the help of a spring loaded hard working body of a cleaning machine with the determination of the dynamic parameters of the cleaner. In this case the interaction of a rod and a root is represented in the form of a plane contact problem of the two body forms of the surfaces of rotation. In the process of interaction, the two bodies, namely the rod and the root, contact along the length of the straight-line part of the root while their centers are close to the axis. The size of the contact spot, the approaching of the contacting bodies to each other, the average, normal and the maximum pressure on the root were determined, which allowed to set limits of the allowable loads on the root from the rod, considering the geometrical and the mechanical characteristics of the working body of the device and the head of the root crop in order to ensure a complete breaking of the remains of sugar beet tops and no damage caused to the productive part of the root and in order to knock it out of the line. The results of changing the kinematical parameters of the cleaner are shown with the help of visual aids. Analytical dependences make it possible to optimize the parameters of the technological process of cleaning from sugar beet tops on the basis of the further analysis of the dynamic and kinematical components of the existing modeling system «machine-working body-root crop». |
