681.5

industrial robot, collaborative robotics, safety, ISO standarts.

Industrial robots have gained significant application and popularity in modern industries worldwide due to their productivity, reliability, efficiency, and ability to perform hazardous operations that pose or potentially pose a risk to people. However, there are cases when classic industrial work cannot be used, and human work becomes the only alternative in production. With the continuous rapid development of technology, a new type of industrial robot has emerged, namely collaborative industrial robots. The peculiarity of the latter lies in the functional and hardware capabilities of interacting with a person and mutually complementing him, performing joint technological operations. These capabilities are achieved with the help of advanced technologies such as technical vision, artificial intelligence, signal processing technologies from various sensors, etc. The use of collaborative industrial robots in modern production, together with humans, poses many problematic issues related to human safety in production processes. A brief analysis of the available information sources indicates the relevance of the above question and the variety of approaches to its solution and research. However, there are currently no comprehensive solutions, and there is fragmentation regarding human safety in collaborative robotic technologies. Existing gaps in ISO safety standards are highlighted, which do not fully address the known safety components of human collaboration and collaborative industrial robots. The essence of the definition of the safety component in collaborative robotic technologies is highlighted as a complex concept that involves the use of hardware, software, ergonomics, and other components to support and ensure human safety in the conditions of technological collaboration. Attention is focused on improving the process of training personnel and updating technological equipment for safety efficiency in collaborative robotic technologies. Recommendations that would complement the existing ISO standards are proposed. The above is defined as a promising direction of research in the field of collaborative robotics.

1. The International Federation of Robotics. – 2022. URL: https://ifr.org/freedownloads/
2. Aydin Azizi, "Applications of Artificial Intelligence Techniques to Enhance Sustainability of Industry 4.0: Design of an Artificial Neural Network Model as Dynamic Behavior Optimizer of Robotic Arms", Complexity, vol. 2020, Article ID 8564140, 10 pages, 2020. URL: https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8564140
3. Peter Chemweno, Liliane Pintelon, Wilm Decre, Orienting safety assurance with outcomes of hazard analysis and risk assessment: A review of the ISO 15066 standard for collaborative robot systems, Safety Science, Volume 129, 2020, ISSN 0925-7535. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104832.
4. Robots and robotic devices – Collaborative robots : ISO/TS 15066:2016 / International Organization of Standardization. URL: https://www.iso.org/standard/62996.html.
5. ISO 31000. – 2022. URL: tps://www.iso.org/ru/iso-31000-risk-management.html.
6. L.Scalera, A.Giusti, V. di Cosmo, M. Riedl, Application of dynamically scaled safety zones based on the ISO/TS 15066:2016 for collaborative robotics, International Journal of Mechanics and Control. – 2020. – № 21 (1), June. – Р. 41–50. URL: https://cutt.ly/ONEhphz.
7. Vincenzo Di Cosmo, Collaborative Robotics Safety Control Application Using Dynamic Safety Zones Based on the ISO/TS 15066:2016, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. – 2019. – Vol. 980. URL: https://cutt.ly/pNEgbar.
8. Aaltonena I., T.Salmi, Experiences and expectations of collaborative robots in industry and academia: barriers and development needs, Procedia Manufacturing. – 2019. – Vol. 38. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351978920302055.
9. S. Robla-Gómez, V. M. Becerra, J. R. Llata, E. González-Sarabia, C. Torre-Ferrero and J. Pérez-Oria, "Working Together: A Review on Safe Human-Robot Collaboration in Industrial Environments," in IEEE Access, vol. 5, pp. 26754-26773, 2017, URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8107677.
10. Bragança, S., Costa, E., Castellucci, I., Arezes, P.M. (2019). A Brief Overview of the Use of Collaborative Robots in Industry 4.0: Human Role and Safety. In: , et al. Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol 202. Springer, Cham. URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14730-3_68.
11. Luca Gualtieri, Erwin Rauch, Renato Vidoni, Emerging research fields in safety and ergonomics in industrial collaborative robotics: A systematic literature review, Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, Volume 67, 2021, ISSN 0736-5845. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342181499_Emerging_research_fields_in_safety_and_ergonomics_in_industrial_collaborative_robotics_A_systematic_literature_review
12. Kirilovich V.A., Melnichuk P.P., Kravchuk A.R., Yanovskiy V.A. TermInologIchniy ta zmistovniy aspekti kolaborativnoyi robototehniki: analiz ta rekomendatsiyi. Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University Tehnichna Inzheneriya. 2022. Issue #2 (90). P. 13-22. URL: http://ten.ztu.edu.ua/article/view/268008
13. Kyrylovych V.A., Kravchuk A.R., Dimitrov L.V., Melnychuk P.P., Mohelnytska L.F. System and Structural Approach to Interaction of Components in Collaborative Flexible Production Systems. Proceedings of the Technical University of Sofia. Vol. 72, No. 3, 2022. P. 10-14. URL: https://proceedings.tu-sofia.bg/
14. Vision-Based System Allows Humans to Work Safely with Massive Robots, Engineering.com, URL: https://www.engineering.com/story/vision-based-system-allows-humans-to-work-safely-with-massive-robots
15. Robots and robotic devices. Safety requirements for industrial robots. Part 1: Robots (ISO 10218-1:2011), International Organization of Standardization, 2011. URL: https://www.iso.org/standard/51330.html.
16. Robots and robotic devices. Safety requirements for industrial robots. Part 2: Robot systems and integration (ISO 10218-2:2011), International Organization of Standardization. URL: https://www.iso.org/standard/41571.html.
17. Robots and Robotics Devices – Safety Requirements for Personal Care Robots : ISO 13482:2014.URL: https://www.iso.org/standard/53820.html.

1. The International Federation of Robotics. – 2022. URL: https://ifr.org/freedownloads/
2. Aydin Azizi, "Applications of Artificial Intelligence Techniques to Enhance Sustainability of Industry 4.0: Design of an Artificial Neural Network Model as Dynamic Behavior Optimizer of Robotic Arms", Complexity, vol. 2020, Article ID 8564140, 10 pages, 2020. URL: https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8564140
3. Peter Chemweno, Liliane Pintelon, Wilm Decre, Orienting safety assurance with outcomes of hazard analysis and risk assessment: A review of the ISO 15066 standard for collaborative robot systems, Safety Science, Volume 129, 2020, ISSN 0925-7535. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104832.
4. Robots and robotic devices – Collaborative robots : ISO/TS 15066:2016 / International Organization of Standardization. URL: https://www.iso.org/standard/62996.html.
5. ISO 31000. – 2022. URL: tps://www.iso.org/ru/iso-31000-risk-management.html.
6. L.Scalera, A.Giusti, V. di Cosmo, M. Riedl, Application of dynamically scaled safety zones based on the ISO/TS 15066:2016 for collaborative robotics, International Journal of Mechanics and Control. – 2020. – № 21 (1), June. – Р. 41–50. URL: https://cutt.ly/ONEhphz.
7. Vincenzo Di Cosmo, Collaborative Robotics Safety Control Application Using Dynamic Safety Zones Based on the ISO/TS 15066:2016, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. – 2019. – Vol. 980. URL: https://cutt.ly/pNEgbar.
8. Aaltonena I., T.Salmi, Experiences and expectations of collaborative robots in industry and academia: barriers and development needs, Procedia Manufacturing. – 2019. – Vol. 38. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351978920302055.
9. S. Robla-Gómez, V. M. Becerra, J. R. Llata, E. González-Sarabia, C. Torre-Ferrero and J. Pérez-Oria, "Working Together: A Review on Safe Human-Robot Collaboration in Industrial Environments," in IEEE Access, vol. 5, pp. 26754-26773, 2017, URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8107677.
10. Bragança, S., Costa, E., Castellucci, I., Arezes, P.M. (2019). A Brief Overview of the Use of Collaborative Robots in Industry 4.0: Human Role and Safety. In: , et al. Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol 202. Springer, Cham. URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14730-3_68.
11. Luca Gualtieri, Erwin Rauch, Renato Vidoni, Emerging research fields in safety and ergonomics in industrial collaborative robotics: A systematic literature review, Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, Volume 67, 2021, ISSN 0736-5845. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342181499_Emerging_research_fields_in_safety_and_ergonomics_in_industrial_collaborative_robotics_A_systematic_literature_review
12. Kirilovich V.A., Melnichuk P.P., Kravchuk A.R., Yanovskiy V.A. TermInologIchniy ta zmistovniy aspekti kolaborativnoyi robototehniki: analiz ta rekomendatsiyi. Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University Tehnichna Inzheneriya. 2022. Issue #2 (90). P. 13-22. URL: http://ten.ztu.edu.ua/article/view/268008
13. Kyrylovych V.A., Kravchuk A.R., Dimitrov L.V., Melnychuk P.P., Mohelnytska L.F. System and Structural Approach to Interaction of Components in Collaborative Flexible Production Systems. Proceedings of the Technical University of Sofia. Vol. 72, No. 3, 2022. P. 10-14. URL: https://proceedings.tu-sofia.bg/
14. Vision-Based System Allows Humans to Work Safely with Massive Robots, Engineering.com, URL: https://www.engineering.com/story/vision-based-system-allows-humans-to-work-safely-with-massive-robots
15. Robots and robotic devices. Safety requirements for industrial robots. Part 1: Robots (ISO 10218-1:2011), International Organization of Standardization, 2011. URL: https://www.iso.org/standard/51330.html.
16. Robots and robotic devices. Safety requirements for industrial robots. Part 2: Robot systems and integration (ISO 10218-2:2011), International Organization of Standardization. URL: https://www.iso.org/standard/41571.html.
17. Robots and Robotics Devices – Safety Requirements for Personal Care Robots : ISO 13482:2014. URL: https://www.iso.org/standard/53820.html.