621.791.4:621.791/792:621.791.052:621.643

induction pressure welding, induction heating, activating substances, 18XFC solder, welded joint, model samples.

The process of pressure induction welding with the use of activating substances occurs when the welding edges are heated to a plastic state by heat from eddy currents and complete melting of the activating substance previously introduced into the joint.The process of induction pressure welding itself was developed at the E. O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine mainly for pipes and pipe fittings. A significant contribution to the development of induction pressure welding was made by V. K. Lebedev, O. S. Pismennyi, V. D. Tabelev, M. E. Shinlov [1]. The application of induction pressure welding to solid products such as rods or parts with a developed cross-sectional area has not been fully researched. At the same time, the main task of improving the pressure induction welding process is to create the necessary uniform heating in the weld seam and in the spike zone in the ‘inductor-product’ system, and to obtain a joint which is formed in the solid phase, with common grains and minimal the possible seam thickness, after performing the deposition. Minimal residues of the reaction products of the activating substance during the welding process must be squeezed out of the cross-section of the weld when deposited in the grid and peripheral areas.The use of 18XFC solder as an activating substance during the butt-pressure induction welding process was tested on model samples. The chemical composition of this solder was studied. The main technological factors of the process of induction butt welding of model samples were determined, as well as the mechanical parameters of the resulting welded joints, and metallographic studies of the metal of the welded joint were carried out. It was established that solder residues in the form of eutectics were not detected in the obtained welded joints of the model samples. However, according to the results of metallographic studies, no hardening structures were found in the weld.

1. Pis'mennyj A.S. (2001) Synthesis of induction systems for welding and brazing of joints of pipes by a preset distribution of power in the weld zone. Avtomaticheskaya Svarka, (5), P. 45–46.
2. Patent of Ukraine for Invention No. 123711 “Method for physical modeling of the process of high-frequency heat treatment of a metal sample”. [in Ukrainian]
3. Welding and soldering processes. Terms and definitions. DSTU 3761.2 -98.  [in Ukrainian].
4. Application of induction pressure welding with an activating substance when performing butt joints of steels of different types. /Prokofiev, O.S.Gubatyuk R.S, Rymar S.V, Panteleimonov E.O., Abdulakh V.M. // Materials of the XIV International Scientific and Practical Conference “Complex quality assurance of technological processes and systems”, Volume 2, May 23-24, 2024, Chernihiv, P.52. [in Ukrainian]
5. Prokofiev O.S., R.S. Gubatyuk, S.V. Rymar et al. (2023) Induction welding of pipes and pipe fittings with the use of activating substances. Automatic welding, 7, P. 37-47. [in Ukrainian]
6. Pismenny A.S., Baglaj V.M., Pismenny A.A., Rymar S.V. (2011) Induction system for local treatment of surfaces by liquid metal flows. The Paton Welding Journal, 6. P. 9-13.
7. Pismenny A.S., Novikova D.P., Prokofiev A.S., Polukhin V.V. (2004) properties of weld metal at induction braze-welding of steel 20. The Paton Welding Journal. 12, P. 26-32.
8. Vollmer M., Baunack D., Janoschka D., et al. (2020) Induction Butt Welding Followed by Abnormal Grain Growth: A Promising Route for Joining of Fe-Mn-Al-Ni Tubes. Shap. Mem. Superelasticity, 6, 131–138.
9. Oliver Brätz, Jan Klett, Thomas Wolf, et al. (2022) Induction Heating in Underwater Wet Welding – Thermal Input, Microstructure and Diffusible Hydrogen Content. Materials 2022, 15, 1417. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15041417, https://www.mdpi.com/journal/materials
10. Seonghoon Jeong, Gitae Park, Bongyoon Kim,·et al. (2022) Heat-Affected Zone Characteristics with Post-Weld Heat Treatments in Austenitic Fe-Mn-Al-C Lightweight Steels Metals and Materials International 28:2371–380 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-021-01133-0.
11. Zhang, X. P., & Shi, Y. W. (1997). White speck forming-mechanism and dimple models in the interface fractography of induction pressure butt-welding. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 65(1-3), 237–244. doi:10.1016/s0924-0136(96)02276-5
12. URL: https://prompostavka.in.ua/ua/p1191126825-pripoj-castolin-xfc.html.
13. Kai Gao, Liubo Zhu, Numerical prediction for temperature and microstructure of A283GRC steel and 5052 aluminium alloy during induction-pressure welding, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Volume 175, 2022, 107456, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2021.107456
14. Yang, Combined effects of MIG and TIG arcs on weld appearance and interface properties in Al/steel double-sided butt welding-brazing, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Volume 250, 2017,Pages 25-34, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.07.003
15. . Zheng Ye, Jihua Huang, Zhi Cheng, Wei Gao, Yufeng Zhang, Shuhai Chen, Jian 4. R.K., B. M., Maji, P., Samadhiya, A., Ghosh, S. K., Roy, B. S., Das, A. K., & Saha, S. C. (2018). A study on induction welding of mild steel and copper with flux under applied load condition. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 34, 435–441.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.06.029
16. Yan, P., Güngör, Ö.E., Thibaux, P., Liebeherr, M., Bhadeshia, H.K.D.H., 2011. Tackling the toughness of steel pipes produced by high frequency induction welding and heat-treatment. Materials Science and Engineering: A 528, 8492–8499.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.07.034
17. Areitioaurtena, M., Segurajauregi, U., Akujärvi, V. et al. A semi-analytical coupled simulation approach for induction heating. Adv. Model. and Simul. in Eng. Sci. 8, 14 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40323-021-00199-0
18. Kuchuk-Yatsenko, S.I., Kharchenko, G.K., Mironov, V.M., Gertsriken, D.S., Bogdanov, S.E.. (2014). Diffusion under the action of shock compression and alternating electric current at high temperatures. Metallofizika I Noveishie Tekhnologii, 36(9), P.1171-1187.

1. Pis'mennyj A.S. (2001) Synthesis of induction systems for welding and brazing of joints of pipes by a preset distribution of power in the weld zone. Avtomaticheskaya Svarka, (5), P. 45–46.
2. Patent of Ukraine for Invention No. 123711 “Method for physical modeling of the process of high-frequency heat treatment of a metal sample”. [in Ukrainian]
3. Welding and soldering processes. Terms and definitions. DSTU 3761.2 -98.  [in Ukrainian].
4. Application of induction pressure welding with an activating substance when performing butt joints of steels of different types. /Prokofiev, O.S.Gubatyuk R.S, Rymar S.V, Panteleimonov E.O., Abdulakh V.M. // Materials of the XIV International Scientific and Practical Conference “Complex quality assurance of technological processes and systems”, Volume 2, May 23-24, 2024, Chernihiv, P.52. [in Ukrainian]
5. Prokofiev O.S., R.S. Gubatyuk, S.V. Rymar et al. (2023) Induction welding of pipes and pipe fittings with the use of activating substances. Automatic welding, 7, P. 37-47. [in Ukrainian]
6. Pismenny A.S., Baglaj V.M., Pismenny A.A., Rymar S.V. (2011) Induction system for local treatment of surfaces by liquid metal flows. The Paton Welding Journal, 6. P. 9-13.
7. Pismenny A.S., Novikova D.P., Prokofiev A.S., Polukhin V.V. (2004) properties of weld metal at induction braze-welding of steel 20. The Paton Welding Journal. 12, P. 26-32.
8. Vollmer M., Baunack D., Janoschka D., et al. (2020) Induction Butt Welding Followed by Abnormal Grain Growth: A Promising Route for Joining of Fe-Mn-Al-Ni Tubes. Shap. Mem. Superelasticity, 6, 131–138.
9. Oliver Brätz, Jan Klett, Thomas Wolf, et al. (2022) Induction Heating in Underwater Wet Welding – Thermal Input, Microstructure and Diffusible Hydrogen Content. Materials 2022, 15, 1417. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15041417, https://www.mdpi.com/journal/materials
10. Seonghoon Jeong, Gitae Park, Bongyoon Kim,·et al. (2022) Heat-Affected Zone Characteristics with Post-Weld Heat Treatments in Austenitic Fe-Mn-Al-C Lightweight Steels Metals and Materials International 28:2371–380 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-021-01133-0.
11. Zhang, X. P., & Shi, Y. W. (1997). White speck forming-mechanism and dimple models in the interface fractography of induction pressure butt-welding. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 65(1-3), 237–244. doi:10.1016/s0924-0136(96)02276-5
12. URL: https://prompostavka.in.ua/ua/p1191126825-pripoj-castolin-xfc.html.
13. Kai Gao, Liubo Zhu, Numerical prediction for temperature and microstructure of A283GRC steel and 5052 aluminium alloy during induction-pressure welding, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Volume 175, 2022, 107456, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2021.107456
14. Yang, Combined effects of MIG and TIG arcs on weld appearance and interface properties in Al/steel double-sided butt welding-brazing, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Volume 250, 2017,Pages 25-34, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.07.003
15. . Zheng Ye, Jihua Huang, Zhi Cheng, Wei Gao, Yufeng Zhang, Shuhai Chen, Jian 4. R.K., B. M., Maji, P., Samadhiya, A., Ghosh, S. K., Roy, B. S., Das, A. K., & Saha, S. C. (2018). A study on induction welding of mild steel and copper with flux under applied load condition. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 34, 435–441.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.06.029
16. Yan, P., Güngör, Ö.E., Thibaux, P., Liebeherr, M., Bhadeshia, H.K.D.H., 2011. Tackling the toughness of steel pipes produced by high frequency induction welding and heat-treatment. Materials Science and Engineering: A 528, 8492–8499.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.07.034
17. Areitioaurtena, M., Segurajauregi, U., Akujärvi, V. et al. A semi-analytical coupled simulation approach for induction heating. Adv. Model. and Simul. in Eng. Sci. 8, 14 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40323-021-00199-0
18. Kuchuk-Yatsenko, S.I., Kharchenko, G.K., Mironov, V.M., Gertsriken, D.S., Bogdanov, S.E.. (2014). Diffusion under the action of shock compression and alternating electric current at high temperatures. Metallofizika I Noveishie Tekhnologii, 36(9), P.1171-1187.